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Piperazine is a heterocyclic compound containing four carbon atoms and two of
nitrogen at 1,4 position ( als called 1,4-hexahydropyrazine). It is a
deliquescent crystalline compound melting at 105 C; soluble in water, alcohol,
glycerol, and glycols. It is used as a main ingredient of anthelmintics used to
treat intestinal roundworms (ascariasis) infection in human and poultry and to
treat pinworms (enterobiasis; oxyuriasis) by altering cell membrane permeability
and causing hyperpolarization of the membrane. Piperazine is a main moiety in
psychoactive drugs. Certain piperazine derivatives are suspected of ecstasy substitutes.
Benzylpiperazine is bannaed in many countries. Benzylpiperazine has been
used as a anthelmintic (antiparastic effect). Nitrogen in piperazine ring plays
an important role in biological research and drug manufacturing industry
including the preparation of anthelmintic, antiallergenic, antibacterial,
antihistamic, antiemetic and antimigraine agents. The piperazine ring and
piperazine derivatives are important cyclic components in industrial field as
raw
materials for hardener of epoxy resins, corrosion inhibitors, insecticides,
accelerators for rubber, urethane catalysts and antioxidants.
Piperazine citrate is used as an anthelmintic for humans and farm animals
against intestinal roundworms and pinworms infection; administered orally. It is
a white crystalline powder; freely soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol and
ether; melting point 190 C.
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